Skip to Main Content

The Research Process For Undergraduate Students: Finding Information

This libguide will help undergraduate students with skills required to find, retrieve and evaluate information on research topics

Introduction

Now that you know what you are looking for, it's time to do your search. There are many resources to search on a topic - online search tools, library databases and catalogs - and deciding where to search is just as important and knowing what to search for. Creating an effective search also involves using your generated keywords and refining results using search tool limiters to find appropriate and relevant information to suit your needs. 

Where to Search

Online Search Tools 

Search engines, like Google, are fast and can provide an enormous amount of information on a topic or subject. However, search engines don't always connect us with reliable information, and the amount of results can be overwhelming. Instead rely on information from databases which will usually have gone through a review process. This information is compiled for a specific purpose or course and has great value.

Library Collections

Searching the Library databases are the major sources of information , increasingly published electronically. Library resources are collections specifically selected to support the research needs of all library users. These include scholarly articles, books, thesis, newspapers and more. You can access these resources through the Library's reliable, subscribed platforms.

Search all library resources

Start by using "Search Library Resources" to search for sources. This will search almost everything the Library has in its collection by searching multiple databases at once.

See the Search Library Resources link below

Search Library Resources

How to Search: Keywords

It is important to select keywords or search terms, which are precise words related to a topic. Using keywords to search in Library databases is much more effective and will tailor your search to retrieve desired and needed information. 

Searching Techniques

Boolean Logic

The process of linking concepts in order to narrow or expand a search. It consists of three basic commands (AND, OR, NOT).

The AND operator

It combines the search terms and narrow your results for retrievable documents.

e.g HIV AND transmission AND mother AND child AND Johannesburg

The OR operator

It connects similar terms or words with the same meaning present in the retrievable documents

e.g drugs OR narcotics, woman OR female

The NOT operator

It excludes specific terms from your search

e.g virus NOT computer

Truncation and Wildcards

Truncation

It is a technique that broadens your search to include various word endings and spellings. To use truncation enter the root of a word and enter truncation symbol at the end. The database will return results that include any ending of that root word.

e.g genetic* = genetic, genetics, genetically

Truncation symbols may vary by database, common symbols include: *, !, ? or #

Wildcards

Wildcards substitute a symbol for one letter or word. This is useful if a word is spelled in different ways but still has the same meaning.

e.g wom!n = woman, women; colo?r = color, colour

Source: Bothma, T, Cosijn, E. and Penzhorn, C. (2014). Navigating Information Literacy: Your information society survival toolkit. Cape Town: Pearson Education South Africa